Explosive-engine.



A. A. LOW & H. HERTZBERG.

BXPLOSIVE ENGINE.

APPLICATION 111.21) 0017.12.1907.

1,006,244. Patented Oct. 17, 1911.

2 SHEETSSHEET 1.

w/msssss' INVENTURS AbboiAuljoiu' 3% Harry Hewizlaec A TTORNEVSWITNESSES VFW A A. LOW & H. HERTZBERG.

EXPLOSIVE ENGINE.

APPLIOATION FILED 001 .12, 1907.

Patented Oct. 17, 1911.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

INVEN T008 Abbot/1.13030 .Hawyflrtzberj ATTORNEYS pNrrEn STATES PATENTOFFICE.

ABBO'I. .A. LOW, 0F HORSESHOE, AND HARRY HERTZBERG, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.;SAID HERTZBERG ASSIGNOR T0 SAID LOW.

EXPLQsIVE-ENGINE.

Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Oct. 17, 1911 Applicationfiled October 12, 1907. Serial No. 397,193.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, ABBoT A. Low and HARRY HERTZBERG, citizens of theUnited States, residing at Horseshoe, St. Lawrence county, and State ofNew York, and the city of New York, borough of Brooklyn, county ofKings, and State of New York, respectively, have invented a certain newand useful Explosive-Engine, of Which the following is a specification.

This invention is a means for preliminarily heating 'a' liquidcombustible or fuel prior to vaporizing the same and mixing theresulting vapor with air for the production of a combustible chargeadapted to be supplied to an internal combustion engine.

. The novel heating device is intended for use in connection withengines of that class which employ a low temperature liquid combustible,such as kerosene.

The object in view is to heat a low temperature liquid'fuel as it passesto a vaporlzer'or carbureter, thus placing it in a condition to enterssaid carburetor, whereby the fuel in itsliquid and vaporous condition israised in temperature, first, by heating it as it flows to thevaporizer, second, in the vaporizer itself, and third during compressionin the engine cylinder. These operations result in such an increase intemperature of the fuel that when the explosion takes place in thecylinder the resulting gas acts with a high degree of pressure, therebyincreasing the efilciency of the engine.

The invention is embodied in a vaporizer or carbureter comprising ametallic box or casing, and electrically-operated means for heating thesame, said means being located,

preferably, externally of said box or casing. Said heating meanscomprises a resistance coil Wound externally on the box or casing, anelectrical insulation between the coil and the box or casing, andsuitable connections whereby the coil may be included in an electriccircuit. The carburetor or vaporizer has an air port, the area of whichis regulated by an adjustable damper. In the accompanying drawings, wehave illustrated one practical embodiment of the invention, but theconstruction shown therein is to be understood as illustrative only, andnot as defining the limits of the invention.

Figure 1 is a vertical sectional elevation be vaporized rapidly when it'ing one form of damper for the vaporizer.

F ig 3 is a diagrammatic view illustrating the invention in connectionwith a fuel reservolr heater.

A designates a part of a cylinder head to an lnternal combustion engine.In said head there is provided an intake port, a, which is closednormally by an intake valve, B, the stem, 6, of which is guided inappropriate guides, b, of an elbow, C, the latter being fixed to thehead, A. A spring, d, holds the valve, B, to its seat, and said valve isadapted to be operated by the engine, such as the lever, D, and a rod,(13. The elbow, C, is extended to form the box or casing, E, of avaporizer or carburetor, and, if desired, said box or casing may be madeseparate from the elbow, and of a different material from said elbow. inwhich case such box or casing, E, is united rigidly in any approved wayto the elbow. The elbow itself may be of cast iron while the box orcasing may be composed of copper. The box or casing, E, is closed at oneend by'a suitable head, 6, and in said box or casing is provided an airinlet port, f, the latter being closed more or less by the adjustment ofthe damper, F. Said damper is represented as a ring having a slot, f.and an operating handle f -The damper is movable in a circular patharound the box or casing for the purpose of bringing the port, 7", ofthe damper more or less into registration with the air port, f, of thebox or casing, E. The elbow, O, is provided with a nipple, g, and inthis nipple is fitted a spray nozzle, G, the latter being held in placeby a set nut g. Said spray nozzle is adapted to direct a jet or streamof liquid fuel into the vaporizer, E, and to said nozzle, G, there issecured a length, h, of a liquid fuel supply pipe, H, the latter leadingfrom a suitable oil lamp (not shown).

The preliminary heater for the liquid fuel is shown as consisting ofmetallic member,

I, the same being composed of a tube, the

respective ends of which are united to the fuel pipe H, and the branch,h, thereof. Said tubu ar member, I, is in alinement with the fuel pipeso 'as to form a part thereof or continuation thereof, the fuel beingadapted to pass through said tubular memresistance coil are v is heatedfor the purpose of heatin ber,- I, as it flows to the jet nozzle, G. Forthe purpose of quickly heating the hollow metallic member, I, there isrovided a resistance coil, J, the latter being wound externally on saidmetallic member, I. 'The resistance coil is insulated from the metallictube by an interposed layer, K, of electrical insulating material,preferably mica, the latter being wound directly on the metallic tube,I, and the resistance coil,'J, then wound upon the mica layer, K. Theends of the oined to conductors, j, 7', leading to a battery, J, orother source of electric energy, whereby. the resistance (Milli t emetallic tube, I, the m1ca layer, K, a ording practically no resistanceto the transmission of heat from the coil, J, to the metallic" member,I. I

It is preferred to inclose the heating coil, J, within a jacket ofnon-conducting material, and as shown, this jacket is composed ofasbestos in the form of a strand or cord, which is wound on theresistance 'coil, J, and furthermore, the asbestos winding is theninclosed by a layer Z, of sheet asbestos, although other heat insulatingmaterials may be employed for enveloping the resistance winding. It ispreferred, also, to provide means for electrically heating the box orcasing,.E, of the vaporizer. To. this end said box or casing is shownashaving suitable"fianges, m, and on said box or casing there is placedalayer, M, of insulatin material, such as mica. A resistance coi O, iswound directly on this mica layer, said layer, M, and the resistancewinding extending between the flanges, m, of the box or casing. Therespective end portions of the resistance coil, 0, are connected to thebinding posts, herein shown as being mounted on the box or casing, E,said binding posts being insulated electrically from metallic contactwith said box, E.- The binding posts are supplied with a current ofelectric energy from the battery, J, or other source of electric energy,by conductors, 0.

It is preferred to incase the winding of the resistance coil, 0, withina jacket which is a non-conductor of heat, and this jacket is shown inFig. 1 as consisting of layers, P, P, of asbestos or other heatinsulating material.* The layer, P, is composed of an asbestos cord orstrand which is wound -directly on the metallic wire or ribbon composingthe resistance coil, 0, whereas the layer, P, is composed of sheetasbestos, whereby the resistance coil is incased and the heat developed?thereby is precluded from radiating into the external atmosphere. InFig. 1 the preliminary fuel heater is shown as occupying a verticalposition, but

the particular arrangement is not important. It is evident that theheating coil, J, for the preliminary fuel heater and the coil,

"casing,

0, for the vaporizer maybe suppliedfrom independent sources ofelectrical energy.

'The operation will be readily understood from the foregoing descriptiontaken in con-' ,nection with the drawings. The oil is forced by a pumpthrough the pipe, H, the hollow .of the vaporizer. After the engine hasbeen in operation for a short time, the box 'or' E, becomes heated bythe transmission of heat fromthe cylinder and other partsof the'engine,and thereupon'the-current is switched oif from the resistance coil, 0.

In addition to the employment of the electrically-heated member,-I, inthe pipe for supplying fuel to the vaporizer or carbureter, E, we mayemploy the system shown in Fig. 3 for preliminarily heating the fuel.

The kerosene, or other liquid combustible, is adapted to be contained ina tank, Q, from which leads a pipe, 9, that extends to a reservoirheater, R. Said heater is composed of metal, and around it is wound anexternal resistance coil, S, the latter being insulated at s, fromdirect metallic contact with the heater, R. The pipe, H, leads from thereservoir heater, R, to the pipe heater, I, and the coils, J, 'S, oftheheaters, I, B, may be included in series with a battery, J''.

It is to be understood that the fuel flows by gravity from the tank, Q,into :the reservoir heater, R, the latter being electrically heated andnormally filled with fuel: so as'to keep it in a warm condition. Thefuel thence passes through the pipe, H, and the heating member, I, inwhich the fuel is further heated. Of course, the oil pump may be usedatany point to force the fuel atintervals through the nozzle, G, intothe vaporizer or carbureter, E. 7

Having thus fully described the invention, what we claim as new, anddesire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. In a vaporizer for internal combustion engines, a piston cylinder, ametallic elbowshaped box or casing closed at one end and attached at itselbow end to the cylinder, means positioned at the elbow end forspraying a llquid fuel into contact with the walls and the closed end ofsaid box or-casing, and

a heating coil wound externally upon the .box or casing provided at oneend with an for internal combustion air inlet, an annular Valveforregulating the while leaving the air inlet and the yalve area of saidair inlet, means for spraying therefor free and unobstructed.

a liquid fuel into contact with the walls In testimony whereof we havesigned our of said box or casing, an electrically operatnames tothisspecification in the presence of 5 ed heating coil wounddirectlyupon the box two subscribing witnesses.

or casing for heating the metal composing ABBOT A. LOW.

the same, and means for electrically insu- HARRY HERTZBERG. lating saidcoil from metallic contact with Witnesses:

the box or casingysaid heating coil and insu- LoUIs A; J EPPE,

10 lating means enveloping the box or casing GEo. WELLING GIDDINGS.

